1	Overview of Digital Libraries in China Xiwen Zhang xiwen@csusb.edu Associate Senior Librarian California State University San Bernardino
2	Major Digital Library Projects 1. China Pilot Digital Library 1997- 2000 2. National Digital Library Engineering 3. National Digital Library Module 4. National Digital Library Corp. 5. National Cultural information Resource Sharing Project 6, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) 7. CALIS 8. Beijing University Library 9. GuangDong Digital Library 10. SuperStar Digital Library
3	1. China Pilot Digital Library http://www.nlc.gov.cn/dlib/dle.htm
4	China Pilot Digital Library 1997- 2000 A collaborative work between National Library of China, five public libraries: Shanghai, Shenzhen, Zhongshan, Liaoning, Nanjing and Ministry of Culture. Develop a set of technology which will reach international standards and will be used for the development of large scale digital libraries
5	China Pilot Digital Library Product: a distributed digital library system of 900 GB More than 30 databases under 4 themes: Culture and Tourism Laws and Regulations Chinese Who's Who and China's Military On May 23, 2001, experts evaluated the project and gave their approval. (People’s Daily, Feb/6/02)
6	2 National Digital Library Engineering Project Approved by the State Development Planning Commission the Project is One of the national top 15 development programs in the next five years In 2000, a “coalition of China Digital Library engineering system” was established with 21 participating Ministries and Institutions. The coalition is in charge of the guidance and consulting for the resource construction, standard, and intellectual property.
7	3 China Digital Library Module Build digital library application modules in selected divisions of the following 4 participating institutions: The National Library of China The SuperStar Information Technology The Academy of Science of China China International TV industry
8	4 National Digital Library Corp In April 2000 National Digital Library Corp, digitizes 200,000 pages of information per day. It has a database of more than 60 million pages and 5 sub-databases: Ancient poems, architecture, the Forbidden City, the sea and the structure of universe. About 40 million pages of the materials are available online. (People’s Daily, 4/19.01)
9	China Digital Library http://www.d-library.com.cn/index.php
10	NLC Electronic Resources
11	Bibliography Databases Chinese National Retrospective Bibliography Database System (1949-1987) http://nlc.nlc.gov.cn/dlib/brde1.htm Chinese National Bibliography Database after 1988
12	Duanhuang Databse http://idp.nlc.gov.cn/
13	Local Genealogy Database, NLC
14	Rubbings Databases National Library of China
15	Journals Database of Republic of China, NLC
16	Ancient Document Database
17	Western Language Journal Database
18	NLC Phase II & the National Digital Library 1.23 billion yuan (US $ 148 million) national digital library The project, to be completed by 2007 Will provide a national center for China’s digital library service. Its construction area will total 77,687 square meters.
19	Future National Digital Library
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21	8 Sections of the Future Digital Library Center of document digitalization processing Center of digital resource processing Center of digital resource storing & management Center of net management Center of digital resource service Center of system development & maintenance Center of the library developing research Center of digital library exhibition & training http://www.d-library.com.cn/index.php
22	The Future Digital Library The total resource of the future digital library will be 20TB. The second project of National Library will be completed before Oct. 31, 2005. At that time, the total area of the National Library will be 250,000 m2, which will be in the third place in the world. http://www.library.sh.cn/english/chinalib/index.htm
23	5 National Cultural Information Resource-Sharing www.ndcnc.gov.cn/
24	National Cultural Information Resource-Sharing Launched in July 2002, and will be completed in five years. Initiated by the Ministry of Culture and the Ministry of Finance Administrative network: One national center (NLC) 30 provincial centers 5,000 county sub-centers
25	Project Goal Creation of an integrated digital library of Chinese cultural and artistic resource Preserving the Chinese cultural works in different forms Eliminating the inequality of information access in different regions Providing services through Internet by a nationwide networks
26	Project Objectives An Union catalog of resources in Chinese libraries, museums, and other art institutions Building Digital Resources One million books 1,000 first-class local plays 1,000 first-class music works 1,000 first-class art works 1,000 first-class cultural antiquities.
27	Responsibilities of Administrative Centers National Center (National Library of China): information processing, storage, retrieval, delivery and utilization. Provincial centers: provide services to the county sub-centers County sub-centers: provide information services to the public.
28	40 Multimedia Cultural Repositories NLC has completed the creation of 40 multimedia cultural repositories accessible through Internet "Celebrity Rostrum", "Cultural Dynamics" and "New Books" "Chinese Book History", "Cultural Classics", "Ancient Poems", "Chinese Relics", "Rare Collection" and "Dunhuang Culture"
29	40 Multimedia Cultural Repositories Chinese literature, fine arts, photograph, opera, dance, music and movies "Travel around China", "World Heritages", "Ancient Buildings" and "National Customs“ "Chinese Food Culture“ "Tea Culture"
30	40 Multimedia Cultural Repositories "Ocean Kaleidoscope", "Military World", "Coins in the World", "Cultural Awards" "General Law Knowledge“ Common science:"Agricultural Science", "Healthcare Guide" and "Popular Science Manual".
31	Chinese Folk Art Forms
32	Browing
33	Dance, Song Dynasty
34	Poems
35	Rare Books
36	Taoism
37	Information Delivery Tools Internet: www.ndcnc.gov.cn Satellite (by American Houston) Mirroring: mirrors at regional centers servers CD-ROMs: burns CD-ROMs according to users' requests. Set-top Box: convert digital signals to analog signals acceptable to TVs. (CDNLAO Newsletter, 2003, Wang Fenlin, NLC)
38	Information Delivery Tools Mirroring: mirrors at regional centers servers which offer services to users by their LANs. CD-ROMs: burns CD-ROMs according to users' requests. Set-top Box: For sub-centers without LANs, set-top boxes can be used to convert digital signals to analog signals acceptable to TVs. (CDNLAO Newsletter, 2003, Wang Fenlin, NLC)
39	Nationwide Activity Cultural Information Entering Communities A national activity called “cultural information entering communities” was started on January 26, 2003 Brings cultural information to communities and meets people’s cultural needs People in Remote regions can enjoy the cultural life
40	Current Status Oct. 2003, there were 31 contracts signed with government agencies (province and city) May 2003, there were 706 centers established (377 centers started provide services) May 2003, the Project could provide access to 1.4 TB (terabyte) of digital resources Including 100 lectures given by experts and scholars, 660 movies, 132 regional plays, 320,000 images, 80,000 books, 460,000 periodical titles and rich knowledge of history. Total number of users served: 320,000
41	6 CNKI Digital Library
42	China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) Launched in 1998, CNKI is a national key project to construct Chinese digital resource system Databases were jointly developed by CAJEPH and Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc., Ltd (TTOD) Contain over 12 million documents or 25% of China's public information resources. The digital library aims to make it possible for users to share 80 percent of China's intellectual resources through the Internet within three years.
43	CNKI Database
44	7. China Academic Library & Information System CALIS URL:http://www.calis.edu.cn A resource sharing network of 152-member universities based on the China Education and Research Network (CERNET) Construction started in 1998 and passed the valuation in July 2001 Union catalog including books, theses, and conference papers Building a Chinese higher education digital library serving 100 “211” key universities and 1000 Chinese universities.
45	8 Beijing University Library 51,000 square meters, with 4,000 seats. The collection 6,500,000 items, making it the biggest university library in Asia. 1,500,000 ancient items, including 170,000 items of rare books. The ancient collection ranks third of all libraries in China. 24,000 kinds, comprising 56,000 copies, of rubbings from inscriptions on ancient bronzes and stone tablets. www.lib.pku.edu.cn/enhtml/introduction.htm
46	Peking University Library
47	Peking University Ancient Book Database http://rbdl.calis.edu.cn/index.htm Rare Books Ancient Books Rubbings Bibliographic Records and Images Full text retrieval will be available in the future
48	Peking University Ancient Book Database http://rbdl.calis.edu.cn/index.htm Users paying for viewing images Contact yaoby@lib.pku.edu.cn
49	Peking University Thesis Collection Peking University Thesis Collection Contains bibliographical information and some abstracts for 13332 theses from Peking University.
50	Peking University Thesis Collection Bibliographical information and some abstracts for 13,332 theses from Peking University
51	Rubbings Database Special collection of Peking University Library: More than 20,000 rubbings from stone inscriptions. They are the best example of 2,000+ year old Chinese art of calligraphy.
52	9 Guangdong Digital Library Launched in may 2001, the Guangdong Digital Library (www.zslib.com.cn) is one of the China pilot digital library members. It is the first digital library at the provincial level. The database contains 500,000 e-books and 12 million journal articles, 100,000 doctoral and master’s theses. 160,000 conference proceedings. www.zslib.com.cn
53	Guang Dong, Zhong Shan Library
54	Sun Yat Sen Database http://hn48.ssreader.com:7777/zslib/szsqwk.html Full Text Database
55	Full Text Retrieval Results
56	10 SuperStar Digital Library SuperStar Information Technology corp Iworking together with libraires to build digital libraries and online reading rooms. http://www.ssreader.com/
57	International Programs Digital Library
58	Dunhuang Project Parterners: British Library and National Library of China Founded in 1993 to develop a database for cataloging the manuscripts of Dunhuang Collection of both libraries and digitize a large number of them by 2006. Database will be freely available worldwide ( http://www.nlc.gov.cn/newpages/english/cooperate/exchange.htm )
59	CMNet (Chinese Memory Net) http://memorynet.org/ CMNet (Chinese Memory Net), a US-Sino collaborative research project A NSF funded International Digital Library Program. Building a global digital library in Chinese Studies
60	CMNet The First Emperor of China Using the historical materials to create The First Emperor of China’s interactive videodisc & multimedia CD-ROM (Ching-chih Chen, Simmons College)
61	The Million Book Digital Library Project A collection of one million books, primarily in the English language, available to everyone over the Internet. National Science Foundation is providing funding for Scanners, Computers, Servers, and Software. http://www.library.cmu.edu/Libraries/MBP_FAQ.html
62	University of Pittsburgh's Gateway Service Center Deliver free digital copies of Chinese language academic journal publications to scholars throughout the United States. Participating libraries: Peking University,Tsinghua University, Fudan University and Shanghai Jiaotong University, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, and Academia Sinica of Taiwan, the National Central Library in Taiwan and Universities Service Center In Hong Kong http://www.library.pitt.edu/gateway/archival.html